Restoring Key Functions to the Industrialized Gut Microbiome (NCCIH R01)
Amount
Not specified
Deadline✓ Verified
Dec 31, 2030
Funder
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
Eligible
open to all
About This Grant
SUMMARY The gut microbiome plays a key role in modulating host metabolism and immune responses. Industrialized populations, like U.S. residents, have gut communities with reduced microbial richness and missing key functions, particularly the degradation of microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs, a component of dietary fiber) and the subsequent production of fermentation products, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, propionate, and butyrate. These changes are linked to increased prevalence of a broad range of inflammatory diseases such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and autoimmune disorders. Our human dietary intervention study (NCT03275662) shows that reintroducing high dietary MAC levels in humans fails to restore SCFA production in most healthy adults, likely due to the scarcity of MAC-fermenting microbes in industrialized guts. A minority of participants with the highest microbiota richness did show decreased inflammatory markers and increased fecal butyrate during the
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